© The Author (2006). Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved.
Thematic Return in Late Bach Fugues
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This article examines a technique employed in a number of Bachs late keyboard fugues, some of his finest. A subsidiary thematic elementtypically (though not always) a countersubjectestablished at the beginning is then dropped for a large section of the music, only to return near the end. Returns of this sort, over and above returns of the subject itself, are far less strong than recapitulations, but they affect the formal dynamic in subtle ways. The most familiar example is in the Fugue in E major from The Well-Tempered Clavier, Book 2, where the distinctive countersubject used in the opening exposition, after disappearing in the successive stretto entries of this work, returns at the end with special prominence.